Peningkatan Hasil Produksi Edamame (Glycine Max (L.) Merril) Melalui Aplikasi Urea Berlapis Biochar

Enhancing Edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merril) Yield Production through Application of Biochar-Coated Urea

Authors

  • Christa Dyah Utami Program Studi Produksi Tanaman Pangan, Jurusan Produksi Pertanian, Politeknik Negeri Jember
  • Agi Mulyo Jatmiko Program Studi Produksi Tanaman Pangan, Jurusan Produksi Pertanian, Politeknik Negeri Jember
  • Dewi Puspa Arisandi Program Studi Produksi Tanaman Pangan, Jurusan Produksi Pertanian, Politeknik Negeri Jember
  • Devina Cinantya Anindita Program Studi Pengelolaan Perkebunan Kopi, Jurusan Produksi Pertanian, Politeknik Negeri Jember

Keywords:

Biochar, Edamame, Hasil, Urea

Abstract

Edamame merupakan kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) yang dipanen pada saat umur muda dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Pupuk Urea mengandung 46% nitrogen (N) yang berperan untuk meningkatkan hasil produksi Edamame, namun sifatnya mudah hilang karena denitrifikasi dan pencucian. Pelapisan Urea dengan Biochar bertujuan agar kandungan N tidak mudah hilang sehingga dapat diserap oleh tanaman dalam waktu lebih lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi pupuk Urea berlapis Biocharterhadap hasil produksi kedelai Edamame. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan dari bulan Juli sampai September 2025 di Desa Lengkong, Kecamatan Pakusari, Kabupaten Jember, dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non-faktorial dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu: P1 = Urea tanpa berlapis Biochar (200 kg/ha); P2 = Urea berlapis Biochar (1:1) (100kg/ha : 100kg/ha); P3 = Urea berlapis Biochar (1:2) (75kg/ha : 125kg/ha); P4 = Urea berlapis Biochar (1:3) (50kg/ha : 150kg/ha); P5 = Urea berlapis Biochar (1:4) (25kg/ha : 175kg/ha), setiap perlakuan terdapat 5 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi Urea berlapis Biochar berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah polong/tanaman, bobot polong/tanaman, bobot 100 biji, dan indeks panen, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap biomassa/tanaman. Perlakuan Urea berlapis Biochar (1:4) (25 kg/ha : 175 kg/ha) memberikan hasil tertinggi pada parameter pengamatan jumlah polong/tanaman (38 buah); bobot polong/tanaman (79,84 g); bobot 100 biji (81,24 g), dan indeks panen (83%).

References

Adrianto, zakarias M., Maifa Astriana, & Karbeka, M. (2022). Pemanfaatan Biochar Tongkol Jagung Guna Perbaikan Sifat Kimia Tanah Lahan Kering. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 8(1): 201–208. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5827375

Amalina, F., Razak, A. S. A., Krishnan, S., Sulaiman, H., Zularisam, A. W., & Nasrullah, M. (2022). Biochar Production Techniques Utilizing Biomass Waste-Derived Materials And Environmental Applications – A Review. Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances, 7, 100134. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HAZADV.2022.100134

Beig, B., Niazi, M. B. K., Jahan, Z., Hussain, A., Zia, M. H., & Mehran, M. T. (2020). Coating materials for slow release of nitrogen from urea fertilizer: a review. In Journal of Plant Nutrition (Vol. 43, Issue 10, pp. 1510–1533). Taylor and Francis Inc. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2020.1744647

Bi, H., Xu, J., Li, K., Li, K., Cao, H., & Zhao, C. (2024). Effects of Biochar-Coated Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Bok Choy and on Soil Nutrients. Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16041659

Drané, M., Zbair, M., Hajjar-Garreau, S., Josien, L., Michelin, L., Bennici, S., & Limousy, L. (2024). Unveiling the Potential of Corn Cob Biochar: Analysis of Microstructure and Composition with Emphasis on Interaction with NO2. Materials, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17010159

Evizal, R., & Prasmatiwi, E. F. (2023). Biochar: Pemanfaatan Dan Aplikasi Praktis Biochar: Beneficial and Best Practices. Jurnal Agrotropika, 22(1), 1–12.

Fathi, A. (2022). Role of nitrogen (N) in plant growth, photosynthesis pigments, and N use efficiency: A review. Agrisost, 28(October). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143588

Guo, R., Gong, W., Qi, S., Xu, J., Shang, Z., & Joseph, S. (2025). Biochar-based urea enhances nitrogen use efficiency and mitigates nitrogen leaching in greenhouse vegetable production. Environmental Technology and Innovation, 38(February), 104104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2025.104104

Ichwan, B., M, R., Eliyanti, E., Irianto, I., & Pebria, C. (2021). Respons Kedelai Edamame terhadap Berbagai Jarak Tanam dan Dosis Pupuk Kotoran Ayam. Jurnal Media Pertanian, 6(2), 98. https://doi.org/10.33087/jagro.v6i2.122

Kantikowati, E., Karya, Minangsih, D. M., Sanstoso, J., & Mutiawati, R. (2024). Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Edamame (Glycine max L) Varietas Ryoko Akibat Perlakuan Pupuk Kandang Ayam Dan Nitrogen. Jurnal Agro Tatanen, 6(1).

Permana, S., Yuliawati, & Fanani, M. Z. (2024). Budidaya Edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merr) Secara Organik di PT Dwipa Jawa Organik Boja Farm Bogor. Karimah Tauhid, 3(11), 12360–12372. https://doi.org/10.30997/karimahtauhid.v3i11.15889

Pranata, A. J., & Simanjuntak, B. H. (2020). The Effect of Using Leonardite Mainic Acid as Urea Coater on The Growth And Yield Of Corn (Zea mays). Gontor AGROTECH Science Journal, 6(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.21111/agrotech.v6i1.3593

Sa’adah, N., & Islami, T. (2019). Pengaruh Pemberian Macam Biochar dan Pupuk N terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L.) The Effect of Biochar Application and N Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 7(11), 2077–2083.

Shofiati, S., Nugroho, G. A., Kusuma, Z., & Kurniawan, S. (2025). Effect of Biochar-Coated Urea on Soil Nitrogen, Plant Uptake, and Sweet Corn Yield in Sandy Soil. Nitrogen (Switzerland), 6(3), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen6030061

Sisca, P., Dulbari, D., & Kalsum, N. (2024). Kualitas Hasil Edamame pada Berbagai Umur Panen. J-Plantasimbiosa, 6(1), 60–67. https://doi.org/10.25181/jplantasimbiosa.v6i1.3543

Sudiarti, D. (2017). The Effectiveness of Biofertilizer on Plant Growth Soybean"Edamame"(Glycin max). Jurnal SainHealth, 1(2).

Swify, S., Mažeika, R., Baltrusaitis, J., Drapanauskaitė, D., & Barčauskaitė, K. (2024). Review: Modified Urea Fertilizers and Their Effects on Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE). Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010188

Wang, C., Luo, D., Zhang, X., Huang, R., Cao, Y., Liu, G., Zhang, Y., & Wang, H. (2022). Biochar-based slow-release of fertilizers for sustainable agriculture: A mini review. Environmental Science and Ecotechnology, 10, 100167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ese.2022.100167

Wang, Q., Li, S., Li, J., & Huang, D. (2024). The Utilization and Roles of Nitrogen in Plants. Forests, 15(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071191

Downloads

Submitted

2026-05-12

Published

2025-12-29

How to Cite

Utami, C. D., Jatmiko, A. M., Arisandi, D. P., & Anindita, D. C. (2025). Peningkatan Hasil Produksi Edamame (Glycine Max (L.) Merril) Melalui Aplikasi Urea Berlapis Biochar: Enhancing Edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merril) Yield Production through Application of Biochar-Coated Urea. Gontor Agrotech Science Journal, 11(02), 121–127. Retrieved from https://agrotech.journal.unida.gontor.ac.id/index.php/gasj/article/view/19

Similar Articles

1 2 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.