Teknik Semai Dan Tanam Benih Langsung Pada Tanaman Bermanfaat (Antigonon Leptopus) Di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit
Seedling and Direct Seed Planting Techniques for Useful Plants (Antigonon Leptopus) in Oil Palm Plantations
Keywords:
Efisiensi Biaya, Pertumbuhan, Teknik Tanam, VegetasiAbstract
Tanaman Antigonon leptopus merupakan komponen penting dalam strategi Pngendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) berbasis refugia di perkebunan kelapa sawit, berperan dalam mendukung populasi musuh alami hama. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan dua teknik penanaman A. leptopus, yaitu teknik persemaian (seedling) dan tanam langsung (direct seeding), untuk menentukan metode yang paling efektif berdasarkan daya tumbuh, efisiensi kerja, dan estimasi biaya. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Bangkalan Melayu, Kalimantan Selatan, dari September 2023 hingga Januari 2024. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa teknik persemaian menghasilkan tingkat daya tumbuh rata-rata sebesar 85,15%, lebih tinggi dibandingkan teknik tanam langsung yang hanya mencapai 63,79%. Hal ini dikaitkan dengan kondisi media tanam terkendali yang mendukung perkecambahan optimal. Namun, teknik persemaian memerlukan waktu, tenaga kerja, dan biaya yang lebih tinggi. Biaya total untuk teknik persemaian mencapai Rp 20.954.064, sedangkan teknik tanam langsung hanya Rp 9.915.664. Meskipun teknik tanam langsung lebih hemat biaya dan cepat, keberhasilannya lebih rendah akibat paparan langsung terhadap kondisi lingkungan ekstrem. Oleh karena itu, pemilihan teknik bergantung pada prioritas antara efektivitas pertumbuhan dan efisiensi biaya. Teknik persemaian direkomendasikan untuk penanaman skala besar yang menekankan keberhasilan pertumbuhan, sementara teknik tanam langsung cocok untuk kondisi dengan sumber daya terbatas atau kebutuhan vegetasi cepat.
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